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保险行业的发展史

1）保险的萌芽
公元前2500年前后，古巴比伦王国国王命令僧侣、法官、村长等收取税款，作为救济火灾的资金。古埃及的石匠成立了丧葬互助组织，用交付会费的方式解决收殓安葬的资金。随着贸易的发展，大约在公元前1792年，正是古巴比伦第六代国王汉谟拉比时代，商业繁荣，为了援助商业及保护商队的骡马和货物损失补偿，在汉谟拉比法典中，规定了共同分摊补偿损失之条款。
2）海上保险
17世纪，欧洲文艺复兴后，英国资本主义有了较大发展，经过大规模的殖民掠夺，保险经纪人制度也随之产生。十七世纪中叶，爱德华·老埃德在泰晤士河畔开设了”劳合咖啡馆”，成为人们交换航运信息，购买保险及交谈商业新闻的场所。随后在咖啡馆开办保险业务。1969年劳合咖啡馆迁至伦敦金融中心，成为现在的劳合社的前身。
3）人寿保险
在中世纪，各种行会盛行，德国的“扶助金库”，英国的“友爱社”，荷兰和法国的“年金制度”等以集资的形式开始了人寿保险业。
4）社会保险
现代的社会保险制度是由19世纪德国的铁血宰相奥托·冯·俾斯麦为了与社会主义运动争夺劳工阶级而首先创建的，此后的欧洲各国也纷纷效仿，主要包括医疗，养老（退休金）等方面。

提问：请问保险专业的专业课程是什么？

解答：保险原理， 剩余业务和再保险，财产和责任保险，个人保险， 员工福利， 遗产规划，企业风险管理（Corporate risk management） 金融计划， 保险会计， 保险伦理等等课程。一般来说会根据学生未来希望从事的方向，或者根据学校院系的课程设置，会加入金融，市场，信息管理，医药等等方面的辅助课程。

提问：保险专业有什么专业正式需要考？

解答：北美精算师分为两大精算师协会， 分别是SOA（寿险）和CAS（财产意外险）。寿险包括人寿保险，生命保险，养老金之类的。财产意外险包括常见的车险，房屋险之类的。不需要一定是精算专业，对学分和学历也没有硬性要求。所以任何人都可以参加考试，拿到证书之后会更加有竞争力。RFP是由美国注册财务策划师协会(RFPI)于1983年推出的，并在全球范围内获得广泛认可的专业的国际理财师专业资格。是世界投资理财管理行业最高水平的专业认证之一。RFP已经成为众多金融机构人才培养的重要标准。太平洋人寿、泰康人寿、太平人寿等保险公司等都将RFP作为人才的培养与培训的标准。

提问：国际学生读保险专业在美国好找工作吗？

解答：相对好找。美国大学研究生保险专业就业方向指导。 方向一：金融/保险/投资。职业概况：工作内容广泛，报酬差距较大，收入多半与业绩挂钩。500强大型集团公司：主要负责集团企业财务部分的会计核算、资本管理、成本控制、内部控制等工作。

提问：保险专业在中国的发展如何？

解答：据《2018年中国海归就业创业调查报告》显示：84%的留学生会在毕业3年内回国，在国外能够呆6年以上的人，只占5%。国外移民政策的收紧和变化，导致大批留学生没有身份继续留在海外。保险行业的人才有国外留学经历，视野更加广阔更加国际化。同时中国保险业亟待整顿和发展，保险业急需有着国际保险行业经验的高级人才。